Cardiac MRI, or Magnetic Resonance Imaging, is an advanced medical imaging technique that provides detailed and non-invasive visualisation of the heart and its surrounding structures. This sophisticated diagnostic test utilises powerful magnets and radio waves to generate high-resolution images of the heart, offering valuable insights into cardiac anatomy, function, and blood flow..
During a Cardiac MRI, the patient lies comfortably within a large, tunnel-shaped MRI scanner. The scanner generates a strong magnetic field, causing the hydrogen nuclei in the body’s tissues, including the heart, to align. Radio waves are then applied, causing these nuclei to emit signals. A computer processes these signals to create precise, multi-dimensional images of the heart, including its chambers, valves, blood vessels, and surrounding tissues.Interpreting Cardiac MRI Findings, Cardiac MRI provides a wealth of information, including:Cardiac Function:It offers detailed images of the heart’s size, shape, and function, including ejection fraction (pumping efficiency).Myocardial Viability:Cardiac MRI can assess areas of heart muscle damage or viability, crucial for diagnosing heart attacks or cardiomyopathies.Blood Flow:The test can evaluate blood flow patterns, detect obstructions, and assess the impact on heart function.Valve Function:Cardiac MRI visualises heart valve structure and function, including regurgitation or stenosis.Pericardium and Great Vessels:It examines the pericardium (membrane surrounding the heart) and the great vessels (aorta and pulmonary artery).
Cardiac MRI serves several essential purposes in cardiology: Accurate Diagnosis:It provides highly detailed images for precise diagnosis of various heart conditions, including coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, congenital heart defects, and valvular diseases.Treatment Planning:Cardiac MRI guides medical professionals in planning surgeries, interventions, or treatments.Risk Assessment:The scan helps assess an individual’s risk of heart disease and can monitor disease progression or response to treatment.Non-Invasive Evaluation:Unlike some other imaging methods, Cardiac MRI is non-invasive and does not use ionising radiation, making it safe for repeated use.
There are different types of Cardiac MRI studies, including:Cine MRI:This type captures dynamic images of the beating heart to assess cardiac function.Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE):LGE MRI identifies areas of heart muscle damage, fibrosis, or scarring.Stress Cardiac MRI:It evaluates the heart’s response to stress (such as exercise or medication) to detect coronary artery disease.
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